Off-grid solar systems are a vital energy source for millions across sub-Saharan Africa, powering essential services such as lighting, phone charging, and media access. However, the reliability and longevity of the lithium-iron-phosphate batteries used in these systems remains a major challenge, particularly given variability in manufacturing quality and the harsh environmental conditions in which they operate. MaxBatt tackled these challenges head-on by developing and validating a suite of low-cost, scalable tools for battery health screening, diagnostics, and ageing analysis.
Using techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, thermal imaging, and X-ray computed tomography, the team identified quality-related issues in cells. A rapid screening fault tree was created for quick assessment, and longer-term tests quantified ageing based on temperature and state of charge. The insights have the potential to influence battery selection and pack design for off-grid systems, with the possibility for control updates to limit stressful conditions and extend lifespan. By improving battery reliability, the project supports lower costs, less electronic waste, and greater energy access for underserved communities.
